2018考研英语长难句5大拆分标记

其实英语里的所有句子，不管句子多长，结构多么复杂，看起来多难，无外乎是由英语中的8种句子成分(即：主语、谓语、宾语、表语、补语、定语、状语、同位语)组合而成，或者说是在英语中的5种基本句型(即：主谓结构、主谓宾结构、主系表结构、主谓双宾结构、主谓宾宾补结构)的框架之上添加修饰成分扩展而来的，所以只要掌握了长难句拆分的方法，再长再难的句子就都迎刃而解了。

★考研英语长难句拆分信号：

1、标点符号：

比如，2个逗号形成插入语，破折号表示解释说明，分号相当于"and"表示并列;

2、连词：

并列句的并列连词and、or、but、yet、for等，从句的从属连词which、that、when、how、if等;

3、介词：

介词引导介词短语，介词短语在句子中可充当定语、状语等修饰成分;

4、不定式符号to：

不定式符号to引导不定式短语，在句子中除了可以充当主语、宾语、表语、补语等主干成分外，还可做定语、状语等修饰成分;

5、分词：

分词包括现在分词和过去分词，在句子中可充当定语和状语修饰成分。

★实战演练

This trend began during the Second World War， when several governments came to the conclusion that the specific demands that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment cannot generally be foreseen in detail.

（1）句子拆分

拆分点：从属连词、介词、标点符号

This trend began ∥during the Second World War， ∥ when several governments came to the conclusion ∥that the specific demands ∥that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment cannot generally be foreseen ∥in detail

（2）句子结构

找谓语动词(began， came， wants， cannot be foreseen)

找连词(when， that， that)

前面没有从属连词的动词即为主句的谓语动词

确定主从句

主句：This trend began during the Second World War ;

从句：定语从句when several governments came to the conclusion修饰the Second World War，本从句嵌套着一个二级从句即同位语从句that the specific demands cannot generally be foreseen in detail修饰conclusion和一个三级从句that引导的定语从句that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment修饰demands。

（3）解析

during the Second World War(介词短语做状语)when several governments came to the conclusion that the specific demands that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment cannot generally be foreseen in detail (做定语修饰)the Second World War ;that the specific demands cannot generally be foreseen in detail(同位语从句修饰)conclusion ;that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment(修饰)demands。

（4）本句的参考译文

这种趋势始于第二次世界大战期间，当时一些国家的政府得出结论：政府向科研机构提出的要求通常是无法详尽预见的。

总之，只要考生对句子结构有个透彻的理解，弄清句子的各个成分，并可以借助连词、介词、非谓语动词等手段把句子由简单变得复杂，由复杂变得简单，这样句子结构分析技能提高了，长难句也就攻克了，对于考研阅读和翻译的理解也就简单了。