1.将短句变长难句
考研作文特别强调句式多样,要求句子长短错落有致,为了做到这一点,我们可以通过分词、从句、介词或形容词词组等形式将若干简单句整合为复杂句,这样不仅可以提高句子之间的紧密程度,而且还能增强整篇文章的逻辑性和连贯性.例如:
(1)There was once a famous detective.
(2)He was named Sherlock Holmes.
(3)He lived in London.
(4)The time was at the end of the nineteenth century.
这四个短句可以整合成:There was once a famous detective named Sherlock Holmes who lived in London at the end of nineteenth century.
2.去掉there be句型
复杂的句型中there be 句型常用、易用,同时也很容易被滥用.在考场作文中我们不难见到大量there be 引导的句子,其实它们中的绝大多数可以精简.很多同学都喜欢在考研英语一图画作文的第一段用there be句型来描述图画中的内容,例如2002年的考研试题:There is an American girl who wears the traditional Chinese clothes in the picture.我们可以将句子改为:The picture depicts an American girl wearing the traditional Chinese clothes. there be 句型一般表示“某地有某物”,在变换时,可以使用一个恰当的动词进行替换.再比如:There were more foreign students in the classroom than the natives.可以改写为:Foreign students outnumbered the natives in the classroom.除了去掉 there be 结构之外,这里还使用 outnumber 来代替 more...than... 这一个比较结构.类似的词还有 outweigh, outlive, outshine, outclass, outgrow, outperform 等.
3.替换if从句
除了there be 句型外,If从句意为“如果……那么……”,在写作中也很常见,也可以采用一些技巧进行变换.例如:If the people fail to realize environmental problems, future generations will suffer.可以将if the people fail to do something替换为名词表达failure to do something,同时对相应的动词进行词性变换,这样可以让句子结构更加紧凑,表达效果更好:Failure to realize environmental problems will cause/result in the suffering of future generations.
4.替换although/even if /even though从句
此外,although/even if/even though引导的让步状语从句受中文表述影响容易与but连用,避免此类问题的一个方法就是替换表达.可以用despite/in spite of+名词表达的形式来代替,比如:Although he did not receive professional training, he is a good actor.我们可以将它改为:He is a good actor in spite of his lack of professional training.
以上是针对句式多变所提出的一些变换润色的方式,可以运用到考研英语的写作中,当然再多的技巧还是离不开练习巩固,因此,同学们对于写作更多的是要注重日常歇息积累,加强练习,做到熟能生巧.