英语写作强化训练之身体健康类连载

（1）1997年真题。Directions:
Study the following set of pictures carefully and write an essay in no less than 120 words.
Your essay must be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2.
Your essay should cover all the information provided and meet the requirements below:
1. Interpret the following pictures.
2. Predict the tendency of tobacco consumption and give your reasons.

真题分析：
这是典型的图表+提纲式的命题，题目中提供的材料十分丰富，包括柱状图、饼状图以及其他相关数据。组图充分反映了当代烟草消费的规模、危害和趋势，是人们普遍关心的热点话题之一。通过对组图的分析，我们可以看出烟草在全世界有着十分庞大的消费群体规模，每年因为烟草消费消耗的资金数额大得惊人，同时也有数以百万计的人由于烟草消费而被夺去了生命。当然，我们从图中也可以发现一个令人欣喜的趋势，那就是烟草的总产量在近几年呈下降的态势，一定程度上说明了烟草消费引起的健康问题开始得到了人们的重视，并出现了相关的解决措施。
本题的难点在于图表给的信息量太大，考生如何最恰当地在全文中使用数据将决定文章的质量。如果一味将所有数据都堆在第一段，会造成第一段过于冗长，全文头重脚轻。在下面的范文中，图表数字得到了灵活的运用，比较得体。比如文章在一开始先用烟民人数占全世界人数的比例来说明了烟草消费的巨大规模，然后又通过该行业消耗的人民财产和生命进一步说明产业之大、对人类危害之重。而至于第一幅图中关于烟草产量的数字则被用到了第二段中来说明未来的趋势，非常得体、恰当。
思路拓展：
近年来国人越来越关注健康问题，随着2008年北京奥运会的即将到来，在中国更是掀起了全民健身的热潮。因此健康问题将是中国社会的一个长期热点问题，考生应该在这方面积累素材、有所准备。相关话题可以引申到知识分子的身体健康问题、全民健身热潮、健康意识、锻炼身体的习惯、健康与安全等等，这些都是平时经常可以遇到的一些话题。

范文：
Tobacco is one of the commodities that are consumed in an immense amount worldwide. From the pictures, we can learn that the global smoking population amounts to 1.1 billion, approximately 20% of all the worlds’ residents. 200 billion dollars are spent annually in order to purchase tobacco and relevant products, which further stimulate the business’ flourishing development. Meanwhile, the harm caused by tobacco consumption is experiencing a similar upward trend―statistics indicates that 3,000,000 people die of smoking and related diseases every year.
Nevertheless, given the pessimistic statistics at the present, we can still predict optimistically that tobacco consumption will decline based on several new tendencies that are emerging. In the first place, there is an extensive public awareness of the negative impact of smoking, and as a result, more people resist the tempetation of cigarettes. In the second place, governments are setting more regulations to limit tobacco production. The effectiveness of such a policy was testified by the prompt drop of the tobacco production from 14.364 billion in 1994 pounds to 14.2 billion pounds in 1995 as seen in the picture.
In short, I firmly believe that, with the efforts of the whole society, we can launch more movements to realize a cleaner world with less smoking.

译文：
烟草是一种在全世界有着巨大消费量的商品。从图中我们可以看出，全世界的烟民已经到达了11亿，约占全世界总人口的20%。人们每年花在购买烟草以及相关产品的费用就达20亿美元，进一步促进了烟草业的繁荣。同时，烟草消费带来的危害也日益增长――统计数据显示每年有300万人死于由抽烟引起的相关疾病。[FS:PAGE]
尽管目前的数据非常悲观，但是从一些新的趋势中，我们可以乐观地预测烟草消费将会有所下降。首先，公众普遍意识到了抽烟的负面效应，因此，越来越多的人拒绝烟瘾。其次，各国政府正在制定各项措施限制烟草的生产。图中显示烟草生产从1994年的143.64亿磅下降到了1995年的14.2亿磅，这就证明了政府措施的有效性。
总而言之，我坚信在全社会的努力下，我们可以发起更多的运动，来实现一个更干净的无烟世界。

闪光词汇及词组：
in an immense amount: 以极大的数量
amount to: 达到，总计
approximately: adv. 大约，近似
annually: adv. 年度地，每年一次
purchase: v./ n. 采购，购买
flourishing: adj. 繁荣的，欣欣向荣的
decline: 下降、衰落
emerge: v. 出现，浮出
temptation: n. 诱惑
testify: v. 测试
launch: v. 发行，发起，投入

万能句型：
From the pictures, we can learn that…
Nevertheless, given the pessimistic statistics at the present, we can still predict optimistically that
In the first place … In the second place …
In short, I firmly believe that

(2) Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should:
1) describe the drawing briefly,
2) explain its intended meaning, and then
3) state your point of view.
You should write on ANSWER SHEET 2.

知识分子健康差寿命短

范文：
The picture depicts a typical Chinese scholar who keeps working late at night, while the presence of his wife and child behind clearly indicates the man’s pressure of supporting a whole family. What is strikingly noticeable is the scholar’s exceptional skinniness, but it can be easily explained by the simple food, bottles of medicine, and poor working environment shown in the picture.
The discernable unhealthiness of this hard-working scholar discloses a prevalent phenomenon that has long existed in China’s academia. Intellectuals are not highly respected and they enjoy unsatisfactory material benefits with particularly unattractive salaries due to low social position. In addition, family, social, and academic stresses are so immensely exerted on intellectuals that they are forced to work diligently and ceaselessly. As a result, the integration of poor living conditions and work pressure leads naturally to their poor health and short life-span, just as the picture shows us.
The situation is rather depressing because intellectuals in fact contribute greatly to our country’s development, and it is largely owing to their painstaking efforts that pave the way for advancement and prosperity. To solve this problem, I think there should be a thriving social trend of showing respect to knowledge and intellects, and those who endeavor to explore new knowledge should be rewarded with good living and working conditions.

译文：
这幅图刻画了一个典型的中国知识分子的形象，他一直工作到深夜，背后的妻子和孩子显示了他有着很大的养家的压力。值得我们注意的是这个学者格外削瘦，但这很容易通过图中简单的食物、药罐以及较差的工作环境得到解释。
这个勤奋学者的不健康状况显示出中国学术界一个长期存在的现象。一方面，知识分子没有受到尊重，他们享受的物质条件也非常差，尤其是由于他们的社会地位很低，他们的工资也相应地非常少。另一方面，知识分子们承担着巨大的家庭、社会和学术压力，导致他们被迫非常勤奋地不停地工作。因此，恶劣的生活条件和巨大的工作压力自然导致他们较差的健康和较短的寿命，正如图中告诉我们的那样。[FS:PAGE]
这种情况非常令人失望，因为知识分子实际上对我们国家的发展做出了巨大的贡献，而且正是因为他们的不懈努力引向了我国的发达和繁荣。为了解决这个问题，我认为全社会要掀起尊重知识、尊重知识分子的高潮，而那些辛勤地探索新知识的人们应该得到较好的工作和生活环境等回报。

闪光词汇及词组：
exceptional: adj. 例外的，特别的
skinniness: n.消瘦
discernable: adj. 可观察到的，可辨别的
disclose: v. 揭露，透露
prevalent: n. 普遍的，流行的
academia: n. 学术界
immensely: adv. 非常，广大的，巨大的
diligently: adv 勤勉地
life-span: n. 寿命
painstaking: adj. 努力的
pave the way to: 为……铺平道路，为……做好准备
endeavor: v. 努力，尽力

万能句型：
The picture depicts…
What is strikingly noticeable is…
The situation is rather depressing because…
To solve the problem, I think there should be…
… it is largely owing to…

(3) Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should:
1) describe the drawing briefly,
2) explain its intended meaning, and then
3) state your point of view.
You should write on ANSWER SHEET 2.

范文：
The picture depicts a man who is happily singing and walking home with his cute dog. He is coming back from work carrying his briefcase, and he must have stopped by the market on his way, buying vegetabl