MBA联考英译汉对比及四步定位翻译法

2012年MBA联考英语的英译汉试题形式是，要求考生阅读一篇约150词左右的一个或几个英语段落，并在其全部翻译成汉语，要求考试理解所给的英语语言材料，并将指部分译成汉语的能力，译文应准确、完整、通顺。
　　MBA英译汉之英汉对比
　　一、英语重结构，语重语义
　　Children will play with dolls equipped with personality chips, computers with in-built personalities will be regarded as workmates rather than tools, relaxation will be in front of smell-television, and the digital age will have arrived.
　　儿童将与装有个性芯片的玩具娃娃玩耍，具有个性内置的计算机将被视为l工作伙伴而不是是工具，人们将在气味电视机前休闲，到那时数字化时代就来到了。
　　二、  英语多长句，汉语多短句
　　Interest in historical methods had arisen less through external challenge to the validity of history as an intellectual discipline and more from internal quarrels among historians themselves.
　　人们对历史研究方法产生了兴趣，这与其说是因为外部对历史作为一门知识学科的有效性提出了挑战，还不如说是因为历史学家内部发生了争吵。
　　三、英语多从句，汉语多分句
　　On the whole such a conclusion can be drawn with a certain degree of confidence but only if the child can be assumed to have had the same attitude towards the test as the other with whom he is compared, and only if he was not punished by lack of relevant information which they possessed.
　　总的来说，得出这样一个结论是有一定把握的，但是必须具备两个条件：一是能够假定这个孩子对测试的态度和与他相比的另一个孩子的态度相同；二是他并没有因缺乏别的孩子已掌握的有关知识而被扣分。
　　四、英语多代词，汉语多名饲
　　There will be television chat shows hosted by robots, and cars with pollution monitors that will disable them when they offend.
　　届时，将出现由机器人主持的电视访谈节目及装有污染监测器的汽车，一旦这些汽车污染超标（或违规），监测器就会使其停驶。
　　五、英语多被动，汉语多主动
　　六、英语多抽象，汉语多具体
　　Until such time as mankind has the sense to lower its population to the point where the planet can provide comfortable support for all, people will have to accept more “unnatural food”.
　　【原译】除非人类有这样的感觉，把人口减少到这样的点，使地球能为大家提供舒适的支持，否则人们将不得不接受更多的“非自然的食物”.
　　【具体化】除非人类最终意识到要把人口减少到这样的程度---使地球能为所有人提供足够的饮食，否则人们将不得不接受更多的“人造食品”.
　　total exhaustion筋疲力尽
　　far-sightedness远见卓识
　　careful consideration深思熟虑
　　perfect harmony水乳交融
　　feed on fancies画饼充饥
　　with great eagerness如饥似渴
　　lack of perseverance三天打鱼，两天晒网
　　await with great anxiety望穿秋水
　　make a little contribution添砖加瓦
　　on the verge of destruction危在旦夕
　　七、英语多引串，汉语多推理
　　This is the surest guarantee that we shall be successful.
　　这是我们取得成功最可靠的保证。
　　He made a sure step out of the mud.
　　他从泥淖中跨出了稳健的一步。
　　She had a sure grasp of the subject.
　　她对于这门学科的知识掌握得很牢固。
　　He is very sure in his beliefs.
　　他的信仰十分坚定。
　　While there are almost as many definitions of hist[FS:PAGE]ory as there are historians, modern practice most closely conforms to one that sees history as the attempt to recreate and explain the significant events of the past.
　　尽管关于历史的定义几乎和历史学家一样多，现代实践最符合这样一种定义，即把历史看作是对过去重大历史事件的再现和解释。
　　八、英语多前重心，汉语多后重心
　　There is no agreement whether methodology refers to the concepts peculiar to historical work in general or to the research techniques appropriate to the various branches of historical inquiry.
　　方法论究竟是指一般历史研究中独有的概念，还是指历史研究中适合各个分支的研究方法，人们对此还没有一致意见。
　　MBA英译汉四步定位翻译法
　　一、结构分析
　　1. 句子的主干（简单句和复合句）
　　2. 修饰语（定语、状语和插入语）
　　二、句子切分
　　Financial regulation will have to catch up with the most irresponsible practices / that led banks down this road, / in hopes of averting the next crisis, /which is likely to involve different financial techniques and different sorts of assets.  But it is worth examining the root problem of compensation schemes / that aretied to short-term profits and revenues, / and thus encourage bankers to take irresponsible levels of risk.
　　金融管理规定必须能应对这种最不负责任的并导致银行损失惨重的做法，以期扭转下-个危机，而这下一个危机很可能包括有各种类型的金融技术和资产。但值得审视补偿金计划的根本问题，因为那是眼前利益，但却让银行家们不负责任地甘冒风险。
　　三、词义推敲
　　词义推敲包括把代词译成名词、把被动变成主动、把变化处理成重复、把抽象化为具体、把省略掉的东西补充进来、把整个句子试译出来等方面。
　　四、检查核对
　　1.代词翻译是否到位；
　　2.名词翻译是否正确；
　　3.动词翻译是否准确；
　　4.修饰语与修饰对象是否能很好地搭配；
　　5.从句与主句的逻辑关系是否出错；
　　6.惯用法是否译得符合中文习惯；
　　7.整个译文有无常识错误或者逻辑错误；
　　8.整个译文是否完整；
　　9.整个句子是否通顺。
　　And it is imagined by many that the operations of the common mind can by no means compared with these processes, and that they have to be acquired by a sort of special training.
　　许多人认为，普通人的思维活动根本无法与科学家的思维活动相比，并且这些思维活动必须经过某种专门训练才能掌握。
　　New sources of energy must be found, and this will take time, but it is not likely to result in any situation that will ever restore that sense of cheap and plentiful energy we have had in the past.
　　必须找到新的能源，这需要时间，而过去我们感觉到的那种能源价廉而充足的情况将不大可能再出现了。